The octopus is the only invertebrate that uses tools. An octopus named Otto was known to throw rocks and spray water at the bright overhead lights of his aquarium in order to short them out. Parrots are thought to be as smart as a human child. These birds solve puzzles and also understand the concept of cause and effect.
The Einstein of the parrot world is the African Grey, a bird known for its astounding memory and ability to count. African Grey parrots can learn an impressive number of human words and use them in context to communicate with people.
Man's best friend uses its intelligence to relate to humans. Dogs understand emotions, show empathy, and understand symbolic language.
According to canine intelligence expert Stanley Coren, the average dog understand around human words. However, they can learn many more. A border collie named Chaser demonstrated understanding of words. An analysis of his vocabulary was published in the February issue of the Behavioural Processes Journal. Aesop's fable of the Crow and the Pitcher could have been written about a raccoon. In order to reach the marshmallows, the raccoons had to raise the water level.
Half of the raccoons figured out how to use pebbles to get the treat. Another simply found a way to knock over the pitcher. Raccoons are also notoriously good at picking locks and can remember solutions to problems for three years. Really, a list of ten animals barely touches the surface of animal intelligence. Other animals that boast super-smarts include rats, squirrels, cats, otters, pigeons, and even chickens. Colony-forming species, such as bees and ants, display a different sort of intelligence.
While an individual might not accomplish great feats, insects work together to solve problems in a way that rivals vertebrate intelligence. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. In humans, our primary sense is visual, with just our communication being auditory. Humans need to get down off their high horses, because this next piece of information is going to blow your mind. So for example, if a dolphin wanted to describe a fish to another dolphin, they would literally send the image in mind.
In simple terms, they can essentially send what humans would describe as a holographic image to each other. Cetaceans use sonar to literally ultrasound their fellow animals, using this ability to check on their health and emotional state. Using high frequency pitch and the echoes created, cetaceans can use this information to gain a picture of the organs and bones within their fellow animals.
Read this fab article for an even deeper insight. Chimpanzees differ from humans by just 1. Simply put, game theory refers to when you anticipate what the other player will do in a competitive setting, i. Chimpanzees are super skilled at this, outsmarting humans in many experiments conducted on this theory - remind me to never challenge a chimp to a game of chess say that three times fast! Chimpanzees also have wicked short-term memories — one particular experiment captured the world a few years ago, with a little guy called Ayumu.
Ayumu the chimpanzee was able to recall the exact sequence and location of numbers on a screen after being shown them for less than a second. For humans, this is pretty much impossible, and is usually only achievable to those with Savant Syndrome , a very rare and unusual condition. Pigs are actually super clever, and not just something you insist on putting in your sandwich.
As always, it is impossible to compare intelligence levels between animals because the number of conflicting factors is overwhelming. However, using research it is clear to see that pigs are very clever animals, even when stacked against chimpanzees and dogs.
Pigs have been found to be highly emotionally intelligent: a study revealed that untrained pigs learn from their trained peers to anticipate upcoming events, such as receiving a reward or to receive a punishment, depending on the genre of music playing.
Furthermore, in social situations, pigs are serious brain-boxes with high levels of emotional intelligence. In , a clever little piggy named Moritz made the headlines by completing a wooden shape puzzle designed for children. Despite the obvious difficulty he has controlling the pieces with his mouth, he succeeds! Nelly the show pig performs tricks on stage all the time - now, obviously these are rehearsed, but in this particular experiment, it shows how quickly she can learn new tricks and how excellent her cognitive abilities are!
Watch the experiment here. After all this pig talk, I think or rather, I know that I need a pet pig in my life. Now, since I mentioned them earlier in the article, I feel like I need to include one animal here whose inclusion will not surprise their owners one bit! Border collies in particular are the smartest, with Chaser knowing the names of over a thousand objects. Chaser is able to fetch on command in response to the object's name; he even knows the names of each of the Powerpuff Girls.
What a dog! The bonobo is a close cousin to the common chimpanzee, another famously intelligent animal. Extremely endangered, the bonobo is found only in central Africa. Like other great apes, bonobos can learn how to use sign language and symbols. After researchers taught a bonobo named Kanzi how to communicate with lexigrams on a keyboard, the ape taught himself some basic sign language just by watching videos of Koko the Gorilla. Furthermore, Kanzi can cook his own food and even outperformed a human toddler during a study of cognitive ability when he was only eight years old.
Ducklings are known to imprint on their mothers, but how much does this reveal about their cognitive abilities? To find out, scientists at the University of Oxford studied how the ducklings managed to differentiate between imprinted beings and non-imprinted.
They put ducklings in an enclosure and trailed two different pairs of objects around on strings, one pair of matching shapes like two spheres and one pair of non-matching shapes like a cylinder and a cube. After the ducklings showed a tendency towards one of the sets, the researchers put the ducklings in a different enclosure with different matching and non-matching pairs. The ducklings would follow after whichever set best resembled their original imprint. So, if they followed the two spheres in the first enclosure, they would follow a set of matching cubes in the second enclosure.
The researchers explained that this tendency has only been seen in primates, crows, and parrots before, indicating that ducks may be smarter than originally thought. Elephants have a reputation for smarts. They have been observed using tools such as sticks to pick at ticks and palm fronds to swat at flies. They also have an excellent memory, hence the saying "elephants never forget.
However, their intelligence may sometimes put them at odds with their human neighbors. As the Nature Institute points out, some farmers equip elephants with wooden bells to alert them if the animals have entered their banana groves, but young elephants have been observed stuffing their bells with mud so that the clappers cannot ring, allowing them to eat entire banana trees unnoticed.
Cows may seem like placid animals merely concerned with chewing their cud, but as it turns out, they possess a rich and complex emotional life. They experience emotions like fear and anxiety and also have excellent memories.
Cows even develop their own social circles, becoming friends with the cows that treated them nicely and avoiding those that didn't. One scientific study also revealed that when cows were rewarded for improving at a task, they were more excited than when they were given a treat regardless, indicating that cows are aware of their own learning improvement. We all know that humans are the smartest animals on Earth, but just how smart are our animal companions?
We also made an awesome video version. Click HERE to check it out. Apes, such as chimps and bonobos, are our closest relatives. Like humans, they are highly social creatures.
They can be taught sign language to communicate between each other and with humans. They are highly adaptable. Some scientists believe that dolphins are actually smarter than apes. Their brains have evolved quite similarly to humans. Dolphins are mammals, just like humans, which means that they need air to survive. They actually must hold their breath while underwater, and go to the surface to get air regularly.
Dolphins are social like humans too. They take care of their old, form relationships, go hunting together, and even play together. They can help fisherman go hunting and enjoy engaging with humans.
Dolphins also have a complex language like humans, and even give each other names! Most people would not expect elephants to make the list, but they do!
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